One report showed that troglitazone induces a sub-G1 (apoptotic) fraction in the HL60 promyelocytic leukaemia cell line.45 Also, a previous study demonstrated that PPARγ induces caspase-dependent apoptosis via ERK activation and mitochondrial damage.46 Western blot analysis demonstrated that CB11 induced apoptotic cell death by cleaving caspase-3 and -9 and caused mitochondrial cell death via a loss of MMP. The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is acute promyelocytic leukemia.