Radio-resistance impedes radiotherapy, and it activates several EMT phenotypes such as hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1), ZEB1, and STAT3, which induces metastasis and leads to radiotherapy failure.59 Furthermore, IR induces radio-resistance by activating EMT phenotypes, and many studies report a potential link between EMT and radio-resistance.60 According to our data, radio-resistant NSCLC cells induced EMT phenotypes. The gene discussed is STAT3; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.