USP18 and chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive: USP18-deficient bone marrow cells with BCR-ABL viral transduction/transplantation exhibited a significantly increased latency of disease development, whereas wild-type bone marrow cells with BCR-ABL viral transduction/transplantation exhibited the rapid development of a chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)-like myeloproliferative disease.