POSTN and congenital rubella syndrome: Shiono et al. [38] first reported that in CRS patients there were two periostin patterns: diffuse type, which meant periostin was located throughout the lamina propria starting just below the basement membrane and superficial type, which meant periostin was only expressed in the subepithelial layers between the basement membrane and the nasal gland; meanwhile, they also detected higher eosinophilic count in former than the latter.