Co-administration of CpG-ODN with liposomal formulation in combination with anti PD-1 mAb have increased the number of IFN-γ producing CD8+ PD-1+ TILs and their antigen-specific cytotoxic activity, which consequently, inhibited tumor growth progression in an established B16F10 melanoma tumor. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and neoplasm.