The above data suggested that GFAP+ astrocytes present in the infarct area of dMCAO rats were the main source of IGF-1, since 57.64 ± 12.93% of IGF-1+ cells in the ischemia group and 68.44 ± 23.42% in the MSC infusion group were GFAP+ astrocytes (Figure 3(o)). Here, IGF1 is linked to ischemia.