During obesity-induced liver inflammation, hypertrophic adipocytes secrete free fatty acid, while several immune cells (including Kupffer cells and hepatic stellate cells (HSC)) produce pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and IL-10) and adipokines (leptin and adiponectin) [3, 4]. Here, TNF is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.