In conclusion, our study revealed that puerarin effectively ameliorated disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism and IR in GDM rats and has a potentially anti-inflammatory effect related to the downregulation of downstream pathways of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB, suggesting that TLR4 is a promising target for the treatment of GDM. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is gestational diabetes.