IL4 and infection: We observed that the percentages of CD3e+CD4+IFN-γ+ (Th1), CD3e+CD4+IL-4+ (Th2) and CD3e+CD4+IL-17A+ (Th17) cells in the livers of HBAAV2/9-Sja-miR-71a-treated S. japonicum-infected mice were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those in the livers of S. japonicum-infection control groups (Figure 7(a,b)).