Our analysis confirmed that LLRC17, AK5, SFRP1 and KIAA0101 genes were expressed at higher levels in AF cells in at least two of the three samples (Fig. 2b); while COL11A1, DSC3, COL9A3, and FAM46B were confirmed to be expressed at higher levels in NP cells in at least two of the three samples (Fig. 2c). This evidence concerns the gene DSC3 and atrial fibrillation.