CTLA4 and neoplasm: For example, inclusion of a Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) immune-stimulating oligonucleotide into cysteine-linked tandem peptide nanocomplexes composed of an N-terminal myristoyl chain coupled to transportan, a cell penetrating peptide, and C-terminal peptides with a TME/TAM homing sequence (LyP1: cyclic *Cys-Gly-Asn-Lys-Arg-Thr-Arg-Gly Cys*, CRV: Cys-Arg-Val, RGD: Arg-Gly-Asp) dramatically improved treatment responsiveness to anti-CTLA-4, produced similar therapeutic benefits as 10- to 200-fold higher systemic delivery, and generated anti-tumor effects at distant tumor sites [27].