STAT3 and autoimmune disease: Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 infection can activate both nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFkB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), which in turn can activate the IL-6 amplifier, a mechanism for the hyperactivation of NFkB by STAT3, which leads to multiple inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.5