TNF and inflammatory bowel disease: In addition, we identified the main signaling pathways involved in the treatment of UC by KEGG enrichment analysis, and screened the first 20 pathways related to UC and significantly enriched (FDR < 0.05), including PI3K-Akt signaling pathway (hsa04151), MAPK signaling pathway (hsa04010), Th17 cell differentiation (hsa04659), IL-17 signaling pathway (hsa04657), TNF signaling pathway (hsa04668), toll-like receptor signaling pathway (hsa04620), and IBD (hsa05321) among others.