CD44-targeted NIR-PIT combined with CTLA4 blockade showed more effective tumor killing and complete remission in MOC1 tumors than NIR-PIT combined with PD-1 blockade in a previous study whereas in MC38-luc and LL/2 tumors NIR-PIT combined with PD-1 blockade was more effective. The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is neoplasm.