TCAP and heart failure: TCAP knockout mice have been found to develop heart failure with biomechanical stress (Knöll et al., 2011), and human mutations in TCAP are associated with a form of autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (AR LGMD) type 2G and dilated cardiomyopathy (Chamova et al., 2018; Francis et al., 2014; Hershberger et al., 2008; Hirtle-Lewis et al., 2013; Knöll et al., 2002; Markert et al., 2010; Moreira et al., 2000).