GJA1 and central nervous system cancer: In HeLa cells, spinal astrocytes and glioma cells, the activity of Cx43 HCs have been shown to increase slowly (within hours) after a mitogen stimulus, such as Fibroblast Grow Factor 1 (Garré et al., 2010; Schalper et al., 2008) and 2 (De Vuyst et al., 2007) (FGF1 and 2, respectively), also triggering ATP release and purinergic signaling activation.