BAX and neoplasm: As shown in Figure 3C, compared with melatonin or dabrafenib alone, co‐treatment with these two agents resulted in decreased expression of anti‐apoptotic protein Bcl‐2, largely increased the expression of pro‐apoptotic protein Bax and also up‐regulated the cleavage of pro‐apoptotic proteins caspase‐3 and PARP, confirming that the combination of melatonin and dabrafenib indeed induced more tumour cell apoptosis and also suggesting thyroid cancer cell growth inhibition caused by melatonin and dabrafenib was achieved at least partially by promoting apoptosis.