TCF4 and melanoma: In particular, recent studies have shown that Wnt signaling via the β-catenin/transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF4)/Lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1) complex activates transcriptional gene expression, including microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2), tyrosinase (Tyr), and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2), which are associated with pigmentation, differentiation, and proliferation in melanocytes and malignant melanoma [4,5].