EGF may also combine with its receptor EGFR to initiate the downstream of phosphoinositide 3-kinase and extracellular regulated protein kinase signal pathway [27,28], and thus contribute to HCC proliferation, migration, and production of inflammatory cytokines, including C-X-C motif chemokine (CXCL)5 and CXCL8 [29]. Here, CXCL8 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.