Another whole-genome sequencing study on liver fluke-associated CCA, performed by Ong et al. [11] has further discovered, apart from the well-known mutations (TP53, KRAS), new mutated genes in a small percentage of patients (MLL3, ROBO2, RNF34, PEG3 and activating mutations of the GNAS oncogene), providing a deeper understanding of the genomic landscape in this type of CCA. Here, RNF34 is linked to cholangiocarcinoma.