The short-term-recurrence group was characterized by a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (hazard ratio 2.639 (95% confidence interval, 1.174–5.932), p = 0.019 by the Cox method), frequent AF episodes (≥1/week) before ablation (4.038 (1.545–10.557), p = 0.004), and higher BNP level at baseline (per 10 pg/mL) (1.054 (1.029–1.081), p < 0.0001). The gene discussed is NPPB; the disease is diabetes mellitus.