Although the role of SIRT3 in kidney aging via the Ang II-AT1R signaling pathway remains unclear, SIRT3 deficiency is known to cause severe renal fibrosis in aging kidneys associated with increased transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression and hyperacetylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), resulting in phosphorylation of Smad3, c-Jun, and β-catenin [112]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and renal fibrosis.