STAT3 and Patent ductus arteriosus: Interestingly, several inflammatory nodes are upregulated in advanced PDA and also promote ADM, both in vitro and in vivo (e.g., Signal Transducer and activator of transcription 3, STAT3 [71], Nuclear Factor of Activated T cells, NFATc1 [72], Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1, ICAM1 [73], and Transforming Growth Factor beta, TGFβ [62], among others).