The overall prevalence of at least one form of cytopenia (presence of anemia, thrombocytopenia or leukopenia) was 39.9% (95% CI;35.5% - 43.5%) and it was independently associated with older age groups, male gender, unmarried marital status, ZDV based ART regimen, taking ART regiment for 12–59 months, and CD4 count less than 200 cells/mm3. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and anemia.