Our results demonstrating that EREG in HNSCC can mimic EGFR mutations by sustaining activation of the EGFR-Erk pathway raised the question of whether EREG could be used to identify the patient group most responsive to EGFR-targeted therapies, similar to EGFR-activating mutations in lung cancer. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.