CHI3L1 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: CHI3L1 levels are elevated in morbidly obese patients208 and patients with type 2 diabetes,209,210 is related to insulin resistance,209 is independently associated with albuminuria,211,212 and is a BMI-independent marker.213 Moreover, high CHI3L1 levels predict mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.214 CHI3L1 is also elevated in patients with type 1 diabetes and increases with levels of albuminuria.215