The target genes of miR-34a are involved in oncogenic signaling pathways, such as cell proliferation (e.g. cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases, MYCN, NOTCH1, and MDMX), anti-apoptosis (e.g. BCL2 and SIRT1), cancer stem-like cell properties (e.g. CD44, NANOG, and SOX2), metastasis (e.g. SNAI1 and MET), and immune evasion (e.g. PD-L1). The gene discussed is SOX2; the disease is cancer.