They showed that HLA-DRB1*04:10 was a risk allele for moyamoya disease and that thyroid diseases, such as Graves’ and Hashimoto’s disease, were more common in HLA-DRB1*04:10-positive patients with moyamoya disease than in HLA-DRB1*04:10-negative patients. The gene discussed is HLA-DRB1; the disease is thyroid gland disorder.