BECN1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Cinnamtannin D1 (125, 150, and 175 μM) is an A-type procyanidin, isolated by Rhododendron formosanum extracts, that induced cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and Beclin 1-independent autophagy, but not apoptosis, in NSCLC cells (A549, H460).