We tested 12 esophageal cell lines; the two normal esophageal cell lines were unmethylated for NDRG4. However, the NDRG4 promoter was partially methylated in two Barrett’s esophagus cell lines, CPA and BAR10T, and it was highly methylated in the majority of EAC cell lines (Figure 4A). Here, NDRG4 is linked to Barrett esophagus.