Another study (64) found that PIVKA-II was not correlated with AFP, AFP-L3, and tumor characteristics, and the combination of PIVKA-II and AFP-L3 was capable of improving HCC detection regardless of AFP levels, with an AUROC of 0.939, sensitivity of 92.1%, and specificity of 79.7% in ANHC, which was higher than that of AFP-L3 alone (AUROC 0.824, sensitivity 71.1%, and specificity 83.8%) and PIVKA-II alone (AUROC 0.774, sensitivity 57.9%, and specificity 95.9%). Here, AFP is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.