VEGFA and cerebral cavernous malformation: The large set of genes identified within this cohort also demonstrated impacts in other signaling cascades which included regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathways, regulation of various mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascades (MAPK), various binding and regulation of integrin signaling pathways, inflammatory responses, numerous cell cycle, and cell junction organization pathways (Fig. 3, left panel), all of which were also identified in our previous multi-omics analysis of CCM mutants across multiple models [26].