PNPLA3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: However, the SNPs that are significantly associated with this trait in our GWAS are very similar to what reported in previous GWASs for clinically defined NAFLD, e.g., PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 variants are the most significant ones (Liu et al., 2020), suggesting that the statistical estimation on high-risk variants for fatty liver disease is reliable.