ATM and urinary bladder cancer: Plimack et al. (2015) demonstrated that changes in the ATM, RB1, and FANCC genes can predict the efficacy of neocisplatin chemotherapy in bladder cancer. Additional studies have reported that ATM gene defects are one of the mechanisms of spontaneous tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) infiltration in breast and ovarian cancer (Rooney et al., 2015). In addition, other studies have suggested that DDR-deficient cancer cells exhibit IFN response activation and cell recruitment via the chemokines CCL5 and CXCL10 (Hartlova et al., 2015; Nakad and Schumacher, 2016).