IL1B and severe acute respiratory syndrome: A study of cytokine profiles in a severe SARS group revealed a substantial elevation of chemokines (MCP-1, MIP-1α, IP-10, IL-8) and pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, TGF-β, and INF-α) (34), while a less intense activation of innate immune-related cytokines was observed in recovered patients (Table 2).