Interestingly, silencing endogenous ZC3HAV1 resulted in a significant increase of viral replication and caused a significant suppression of the expression of IFN-β mRNA in A549 cells at 6 and 12 h after the infection, as evidenced by data from qRT-PCR and RT-PCR compared to the luciferase control cells (Figure 4B and Supplementary Figure S1B). The gene discussed is ZC3HAV1; the disease is infection.