In the largest (n = 1,000) and highest quality randomized controlled trial comparing conservative with liberal fluid management in ARDS, on which current fluid management guidelines globally are based, patients in the conservative arm of the study received significantly more often (133/497 vs. 312/503) and higher (74 vs. 148 mg/day) daily doses of furosemide which is an inhibitor of the NKCC1 (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Clinical Trials Network et al., 2006). This evidence concerns the gene SLC12A2 and acute respiratory distress syndrome.