The IOD of positive cells in the ARC were markedly increased in PCOS rats compared to sham rats (P < 0.001; P < 0.001), troxerutin 300 mg/kg treatment significantly reversed the increase of kisspeptin and NKB IOD induced by DHT (P < 0.05; P < 0.01). This evidence concerns the gene KISS1 and polycystic ovary syndrome.