The numbers of GnRH/kissr1/NK3r positive cells increased in the PCOS group compared to the sham group(P < 0.001; P < 0.01; P < 0.01), however, they were significantly decreased in the 300 mg/kg troxerutin-treated rat (P < 0.01; P < 0.05; P < 0.05) respectively. The gene discussed is GNRH1; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.