Some cytokines and chemokines found in increased levels in the serum of patients suffering from endometriosis are thought to participate in the generation of the inflammatory status, of which interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, and RANTES, represent some of the most studied molecules [144,145]. The gene discussed is CCL2; the disease is endometriosis.