TGFB1 and Alzheimer disease: Among the compounds found to be associated with better cognitive health in our study, flavonols and flavanones have been shown to increase the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) levels [42,43], a neurotrophic factor that exerts a key role in recognition memory formation, and a deficit of TGF-b1 signaling can contribute to cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease [44,45].