TLR4 and colorectal carcinoma: nucleatum ATCC25586 was shown to enhance CRC cell growth via interaction with Toll-like receptors TLR4, TLR2, and myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 (MYD88),80 and the F. nucleatum strain Fn12230 was previously shown to enhance cell growth through the cell-wall attached adhesin FadA.31 Our results showed that most Fusobacteriaceae significantly inhibited cellular growth, including Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC25586, contrasting previous observations,72,80 and that the presence of the FadA gene was significantly linked to growth inhibition by cells and secretomes (Table 1).