Treatment with FTY720, or fingolimod, a non-selective S1PR agonist, or SEW2871, a selective agonist of S1PR1, was shown to reduce urinary albumin excretion as well as urinary levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factoralpha in mouse and rat models of STZ-induced DKD [104], suggesting that targeting kidney S1PR1 may represent a therapeutic intervention for the treatment of DKD. This evidence concerns the gene ALB and diabetic kidney disease.