MMP2 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: It is demonstrated in results of molecular experiments that GA can significantly inhibit the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 in ESCC, which further proves that GA may inhibit the invasion and migration of MMP2 and MMP9 by changing cell morphology to reduce adhesion, as well as inhibiting the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 in ESCC (Figure S3).