CD8A and cancer: As the frequency of these naïve, prepandemic SARS-CoV-2−specific CD8+ T cells (∼2.5 × 10−6) was numerically comparable to that found for naïve HIV (Gag77–85, SLYNTVATL), cancer (Survivin96–104), or Hepatitis C Virus (NS31073)-specific CD8+ T cell populations in healthy HLA-A*02:01+ individuals (19, –21), both their presence and the fact that they were not readily expanded following in vitro stimulation suggests that they were not a product of prior exposure to some cross-reactive epitope.