A phase I/II study of PBF-509 both alone and in combination with anti-PD-1 mAb PDR001 in non-small cell lung cancer patients was started in October 2015 (NCT02403193); the results showed that the compound was well tolerated, and clinical benefit was observed in immunotherapy-exposed and -naive patients, irrespective of the PD-L1 status [62]. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.