Another cancer vaccine, GVAX, consists in genetically modified tumor cells able to secrete GM-CSF, with a mechanism of action based on the use of two prostate cell lines, LN-CaP (hormone-sensitive cancer cell lines deriving from nodal site of metastasis) and PC-3 (hormone-refractory cancer cell lines deriving from bone metastases) [86]. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and cancer.