HIV infection associated with higher expression of immunoproteasome subunits in multiple cortical and subcortical regions (LMP7: temporal cortex, occipital cortex, sensory cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, globus pallidus, cerebellum, frontal white matter; Pa28α: temporal cortex, sensory cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, globus pallidus, cerebellum; Fig. 3a–d). The gene discussed is PSMB8; the disease is HIV infectious disease.