Meanwhile, both immunostaining (Figure 3B) and qPCR analysis (Figure 3C) showed that the ratio of activated CD154+CD8+ T-cells were markedly decreased in all GBM subtypes, while more significantly in the MES GBM niche, when compared to CD8+ T-cells cultured without the GBM niche. The gene discussed is CD40LG; the disease is glioblastoma.