SALL4 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: For example, in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, silencing SALL4 has been shown to inhibit EMT by inhibiting the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, thereby inhibiting the survival, migration, invasion, and drug resistance of cancer cells in vitro, as well as the tumorigenic ability in vivo [42].