TGFB1 and familial pancreatic carcinoma: Besides, studies have shown that TRIM33 can participate in the TGF-β signaling pathway by binding to phosphorylated SMAD2/3 or monoubiquitinated SMAD4 in hepatocellular carcinoma, human chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, and pancreatic cancer [9, 10, 26].