KRAS and neoplasm: In 2007, Yagoda et al. confirmed that antioxidants (e.g., α-tocopherol) prevented erastin-induced death in HRAS and KRAS cells, and a similar protective effect could be achieved by KRAS and BRAF knockdown, voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC2/3) knockdown, or the inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2), demonstrating that the selective lethality of erastin caused RAS mutant tumor cell death in a RAS-RAF-MEK-dependent, oxidative, nonapoptotic manner [4].