MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein expressions significantly increased following the ox-LDL treatment (p < 0.05 for 12, 24, and 48 h), MMP-2 protein upregulation was inhibited by AD (p < 0.05 for 12 and 24 h, p < 0.01 for 48 h), and MMP-9 protein upregulation was suppressed by AD (p < 0.01 for 12 h, p < 0.05 for 24 h and 48 h, Figure 5). Here, MMP9 is linked to Alzheimer disease.